Building



Feb. 6, 1923.

BUILDING.

FILED 11111.31, 1921.

2 SHEET -SHEET l.

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2 3, 1u.. QW LL G D m B B. L ma 2 9 l 6., b e F BUILDING.

FILED JAN. 31, \92l.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 21 ggf Patented Feb. 6, i923.,

' entre 'i as LEWIS B. BRIDGES, 0F BROOKLYN, NEW

`.incitare YORK, ASIGNOR TQ RAMP BLEING@ coarone'rron, or nsw man, 1v. u., a ooaroaarr'on' or enmarcan.

' surnoms.

Application filed January 31, leal. Serial No. ddfll.

To all whom it may concern.' v Be it known that I, Lnwls B. Bluoons, a citizen of the United States, and residentof 'the borough of Brooklyn, in the count oi' provide an arrangement ot' the ramps and groups of floors affording maximum econom of floor space. further object ofthe invention is to provide a building, especially adapted Jfor use for storage purposes, so constructed that ve hioles may travel in a direct line to or from any floor of the building.

Another important object ot' the nven A tion is to provide a building having` groups of relatively staggered iioors connected by rain s in such a wvay that any floor, or an com ination of ioors, of either or botli groups may beisolated in caseof fire with out preventing egress from all the remaining iioors to the street by way of the ramps.

Other objects of t e invention are to rovide a building having floors 4connecte by ramps so constructed that ascent and de scentfrom floor to floor is greatl facilitated, that the distance of travel trom the lowermost to the uppermost floor is reduced to a minimum, and that the building may be used for many diiierent purposes.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a section on the line Imi of Fig.

a0 2. showing one form of building` embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 a vertical section on the line Ilm-II of Fig. 1;

Fi. 8 a vertical section on the line ce VII` EVlIll of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 a vertical section on the line '1X-1X of Fig. 7 f

Fig. l0 a fragmentary vertical section on an enlargedv scale showing one of the fire co doens closed; and

Fliigb 11, a section on the line Xiu-,Xl of n the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 5 thebuilding is divided into two parts by'a 65 dlvidlng wall 3 parallel with the side walls 2 and extending from one end wall l to 'the other end wall l. Two groups of super p osed ioors l and 5 are` located at o posite sides of thewall 8, the Floors 5 being coated 7@ 1n planes intermediate the planes oi the iioors 4. A roof section 6 overlies the group of loorst and a roof section 7 overlies the group ot' floors 5. A suitable door 8 afiords access to the lowest floor et through one end wall 1 75 at a point preferabl alongside the dividing wall 3, as shown. he four outer walls of thebuilding are provided with suitable winP dows 9.

A series of longitudinally aligned and stepped ramps 10 extends dia onally upward along one side of the wal 3, prefera ably at that side of the wall upon which floors t are located. The lower end of the lowest ramp joins. the lowest floor 4 a short so distance from the adjacent end wall 1 and opposite the door S, while the upper end of the highest' ramp joins the uppermost floor l a. short distance from the op osite end wall 1, the s aces between the ents of these 9c ramps and t e end walls forming landings 11 on the irst and third floors 4 at opposite ends of the series of ramps.. A third landing` 11 connects the adjacent ends of the second andthird ramps, said landing 1l coin- 95 niunicating with the second iioor 4 and being in effect a part or extension of said floor. 'lwo landings 12, forming parts or extensions of the two ioors 5, connect the adjacent ends of the iirst and second ramps i0@ and-the third and tively.

Doorways 1B in the dividing wall 3 give access to the iioors 5 from the landings 12. I prefer to provide a side wall .14 and los stepped top wall l5 for the series of ramps, thus forming a stepped, chutelike` passage extending diagonally upward through the fourth ramps, respecbuilding from one wall` 1 to the other wall 1, and to provide doorways 16 in. the sidewall 14 giving access from the landlngs 11 to the floors 4. It will be observed that in the construction shown, part of wall 3 forms one side wall of the chute-like passage and`tl1at parts of the floors 4 form part of the top wall or ceiling of the passage, thus materi-` ally reducing cost and labor in theconstruo tion of this enclosed passage or driveway.

I prefer to provide suitable steel fire doors 17 for closing the doorways 13 and 16. Any suitable known forms ofiire doors may be employed, said doors being either manually or thermally controlled, as desired. I have shown a well known form of flexible steel door of the roll-up or curtain type. In Figs. l0 'and 11, which are detail views 'of the lower end of the chute, I have shown one of these doors .in closed position. It will be obvious that, with the construction' above described, any floor or combination of floors upon which a fire occurs may be isolated without preventing persons, vehicles, or the like from passing in safety down the ramps to the street from all theremaining floors.

The construction shown in Figs. 1 to 5 is particularly adapted for relatively long and low buildings, while the modified construction shown in Figs. 6 to 9 may be advantageously employed in buildings of any helght and erected on plots of any size or shape. The building shown in F ig's.` 6 to 9 comprises end -walls 1, side walls 2, a dividing wall 3, groups of vertically stag-l gered floors 4 and 5, and a door 8 giving access to the lowest floor 4 at one side of wall 3, these walls, floors, and door 8 being arranged in the same manner as inthe building shown in' Figs. 1' to 5.

In this modified construction superposed pairs of ramps 18 are provided, preferably located at that side of Wall 3 at which floors 4 are located. The two ramps forming each pair of ramps are arranged in stepped relation and in longitudinal alignment, so that each pair of ramps connects one of the floors 5 with the next higher and lower floors-4. A landing 19 connects the adjacent ends of each pair of ramps, said landings 19 forming parts or extensions of oors 5. Land'- ings 20 are located at the other endsof the y two ramps, said landings forming parts or extensions of floors 4.

Any suitable guard rail or other protecting` means may be provided along the edges of ramps 18. and landings 20 opposite wall 3. I prefer, however, to provide'a guard or dividing wall 21 parallel with wall 3 from top to bottom of the building, so .that the vpairs oframps and landings 19 and20 will form in effect a series of superposed chutelikegpassages, each set of ramps .and landings forming a top wall or 'ceiling overlying the next lower set of ramps and landings.

described. in connection with the building shown in Figs. 1 to 5 and Figs. 10 and 11. It will be obvious, however, that any other type of iredoor may be employed.

In the building-shown in Figs. 6 to 9, vehicles or persons entering door 8 may pass through the adjacent doorway 23to the lowest floor 4 or ascend the ramps to any desired iioor of either group, traversing floors 4 between the highest ramp of each pair to the lowest ramp of the next higher pair of ramps. The space on the various iioors may, if desired be subdivided in any suitable inanner into rooms, storage spaces for motor.

vehicles, or the like, a path, corridor or driveway being of course provided on each floor 4 to permit ,free passage between the ends of ad- .jacent pairs of ramps.

While I have shown only-two construc- Y tions, it will be understood that the invention is not limited to the constructions shown, as

sides of the two groups of floors', said floorseach having a portion connecting'two adjacent ends of two of said ramps and cooperating with the ramps to form a continuous passageway connecting all the floors.

2. A building comprising outer walls, two groups of superposed floors overlying different parts of the ground area within the outer walls, the floors of one group lying in planes intermediate the planes of the iioors of the other group, and a stepped series of ramps extendino` along the adjoining sides of the groups of floors and connecting all of the floors. y

3. A building comprising outer walls, two groups of superposed floors overlying dif-F ferent parts of. the ground area within the outer walls, the iioors of one group lying in planes intermediate the planes of the floors of the other group, and aseries of similarly inclined ramps parallel with the adjacent sides of the two groups of floors, each of said ramps connecting `two oors of different groups.

4. A building having two groups of iioors overlying diiferent parts of the ground area of lthe building and arranged with the floors assesses e of one roup in planes intermediate the )lanes oi the. iioors of the other group, said uildna having a straihtaway driveway communicating with all t ie floors the-reci.

o. A building comprisingx outer walls, a dividing wall, two groups oi superposed i floors at opposite sides oi the dividin wall, the iioors in one group bei-nal loca ed 1n liti planes intermediate the planes ot the floors in the other Group, and a. stepped series oi similarly inc ined ramps ex ending along one side of the dividing wall and connect= ins all of the floors together, portions oi floors of dilierent j roups beinglocated at opposite ends of eac i ramp ot the series, and said dividing` wall being provided with door= ways giving access to tierainps from the doors at the opposite side of the dividing wall at the points where said floors are ex tended between the ends ot adacent ramps.

o. A building comprising ou er Walls, tvvo groups of vertically sta gered floors, a di= riding` wall separating t ie groups of lioors, a series ot similarly incline ramps extend= in u )ward from 'floor to iioor alongone sii e or the dividingl Wall through one roup ot iloors, each door at the oppositeside or the dividing),` wall from the ramps having an extension connecting` the saine with theadfjacentends of tivo ramps and the dividinx wall being provided ivith doorways at sai extensions, and a uard vvall at the opposite side of the series oi rain s from the dividing1 wall liavinp` doorways tierein o eninp; upon the floors of the group throng which the amps extend 7, A building comprising` outer Walls, tivo groups of vertically sta gered doors, a di= riding vvall separating t e oroup's of floors, a series of similarly inclined ramps extend=. iup` upward from floor to floor along one side ot the dividing` wall through onesroup of floors, each floor at the oppositel side of tlie dividing Wall 'iroin the ramps having` an ex tension connecting);` the same with the adja cent. ends of tivo ramps and the dividing Wall beine' provided with. doorways at said extensions, a guard wall at the opposite side of the series ofranips from the dividinsi wall liai'finp,` doorways therein opening upon the floors of the group tlirougi which the ramps extend, and fire doors for losnp; the dooways in the dividing vvall and guard wal 8. A building comprising outer ivalls and tivo groups oi superposed horizontal Floors overlying: different parts of the Laround areal within said walls,the floors of one group being located in planes intermediate the planes of the floors of the other group, and means cooperating with the floors in .one of said ,groups to form a continuous passageway lo cated entirely within the bounds of the edges of the fioors of said group and connecting all the iioors of the tivo groups, said pas;

ytlieground area of the sageiva having horizontal portions and incline portions intermediate the liorzon= tal portions, and the alternate horizontal portions ot the passaoe beingl contiguous with floors of di eren rroups located at progressivel7 hi lier leve si ti. A building iavin two groups of floors arrangedx side by sie, the floors of one Aroup being located in planes intermediate tie planes ot the floors of the other group, andineans forming a. continuous sti-aight away enclosed passage extending along'the inner side of one grou of iioors having; alternatev horizontal anv inclined sections, the bottom walls of the horizontal sections oi the passage communicating alternately vvith doors of diiferent groups at proores= sively higher levels, the side Walls oi the passage beinp,` provided with doorways giv ing access from the horizontal sections ot the passage. to the floors at the levels of said sections, and re doors for closing said door= Ways.

10x A building comprising lgroups ot' su= perposed vfloors overlyiii different parts ot building the floors of different groups being located in diderd ent horizontal ilanes, means forming a strai glitaiv ay enclosed driveway liavino door: Ways in the sides thereof communicating with all the floors, and tire doors for clos in? Said doorways.

. 1. A building` having tivo groups of superposed floors, the floors of one orou be inglocated in planes intermediate ilie p anes of the floors oi the other group, and a plu= `ality of similarly inclined ramps parallel with the adjoining` sides of the t-Wo groups of iioors and connecting,- all ot the floors, each floor of one ,siroop being connected by tivo of said similarly inclined ramps with the next higher and lower floors of the other group.

l2. A building having` tivo groups of superposed doors, the iioors oi one oroup being* located in planes intermediate the planes of the floors of the other group, and a plurality of similarly inclined ramps con ncctinp' all of the floors, each floor of one group being connected by two of said similarly inclined ramps with the next higher and lower floors of the other group, and all of said ramps beine; located in the same 'vertical plane.

13. A building having` tivo groups of superposed floors, the floors of one grou being located in planes intermediate the plljanes of the floors of the other group, outer walls surrounding the groups ot floors, a dividing; wall separating the groups of floors, and a plurality of similarly inclined ramps all lo cated alone` one side of the dividin ivall and extending parallel with said wal each Hoor of one group having an extension pro jectinp; through an opening in the dividing ivall zand having opposite sides thereof con lll) nected by two of said ramps with theneiit higher and lower floors of the other group. 14. A building having two groups of super-posed floors, the floors of one group being located in planes intermediate the planes of the oors of the other group, outer Walls surrounding the Groups offloors, a dividing Wall separating t e groups of loors,a plurality of similarly inclined ramps all located along one side of the dividing Wall and extending parallel with said'wall, each Hoor f' of one group having an extension projecting through an opening in the dividing wall and having' opposite sides thereof connected by two of said ramps with the next higher and 15 lower oors, of the other group, and a guard '.Wall parallel with the dividing Wall extending along the outer edges of the ramps and provlded with openings communicating withA the floors which are located at the same side 20 of the dividing wall as the ramps.

In testlmony whereof I hereunto affix my signature.

LEWIS B. BRIDGES. 

